Robust Nonlinear Control Strategy for Small Wind Turbines: A Case Study

This chapter presents a case study of robust nonlinear control strategy using nonlinear feedback control technique based on Lyapunov theory and associated with robust control laws. The proposed approach aims to enhance robustness of the wind turbine control scheme. In fact, we selected as a case study, the most used electrical generator in small-scale wind applications, the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSM). Indeed, the control strategy presented in this chapter allows an efficient operation of the wind turbine in the standalone operating mode, offers a nonlinear handling of the WECS(s) and guarantees maximum wind power harvesting and robustness against critical working conditions. Talking about stability, in several wind generator control schemes; a such classical PI controllers-based scheme can easily be disturbed by any uncertainty of the system parameters, thus, in this chapter, we focused on how to overcome this issue by proposing a robust control strategy based on nonlinear controller derived from the Lyapunov Theory. The chapter presents numerical simulations within Matlab/SIMULINK environment. These results proved the effectiveness and the benefits of the proposed approach

Techno-economic study of BIPV in typical Sahara region in Algeria

Building in urban areas in the Sahara region is confronted with two main issues: (i) the climate change and (ii) the energy consumption. In order to deal with the latest issues, experts want to focus all their efforts on the use of renewable energy, and most particularly solar energy that is widely available at the Sahara. In this work, we have carried out a comprehensive survey related to benefits, techniques, and criteria affecting the energy efficiency of using BIPV and its advantages over glazing. To be clearer, we have selected as a case of study of a contemporary building covered by standard glazing and replaced by BIPV located in a Sahara region in Algeria. Moreover, the point of view of urban architectural, and energy economy, have been well investigated. Where the necessary time period was calculated to recover the total amounts of expenses for BIPV technology in the event that it is installed on the roof and then in the event that this technology is installed in the facades. As a result, using BIPV in this specific region of a hot climate has to be a dominant idea to reduce both energy consumption and economical

A Solar energy, to the test of the great glass stage in contemporary Architecture in Saharan environment

Currently, the façades of the desert buildings have witnessed and remarkably widespread use of glass. But, without any regard to the lowest harsh climate data. However, this exaggerated use of glass in the contemporary facades of the buildings may cause many problems, especially at the level of thermal comfort of the user. Hence, the excessive energy consumption resulting from heat exchange through the glass.       With the current technological developments and the development of new and advanced building materials of glass, who can be used to reduce excessive energy consumption. Among these, materials are insulating glass and energy-producing at the same time. However, how effective is this type of glass in contemporary desert architecture? What is their efficiency at the level of thermal performance inside the building and even on the level of user comfort (heat exchange, production, and energy-saving)?     To find out, a comparative study was conducted between four types of glazing materials used in contemporary architecture, Simple Glazing (i), Double Glazing (ii), Semi-Transparent Photovoltaic (STPV) (iii), and the Vacuum Photovoltaic Insulated Glass Unit (VPV IGU) (iv).  Before the simulation, an overview of the history of the use of glass in contemporary buildings in Algeria in general and in desert regions, in particular, was presented. After that, the most important results of the comparison study are presented according to the simulation software TRNSYS

A Solar energy, to the test of the great glass stage in contemporary Architecture in Saharan environment

Currently, the façades of the desert buildings have witnessed and remarkably widespread use of glass. But, without any regard to the lowest harsh climate data. However, this exaggerated use of glass in the contemporary facades of the buildings may cause many problems, especially at the level of thermal comfort of the user. Hence, the excessive energy consumption resulting from heat exchange through the glass.       With the current technological developments and the development of new and advanced building materials of glass, who can be used to reduce excessive energy consumption. Among these, materials are insulating glass and energy-producing at the same time. However, how effective is this type of glass in contemporary desert architecture? What is their efficiency at the level of thermal performance inside the building and even on the level of user comfort (heat exchange, production, and energy-saving)?     To find out, a comparative study was conducted between four types of glazing materials used in contemporary architecture, Simple Glazing (i), Double Glazing (ii), Semi-Transparent Photovoltaic (STPV) (iii), and the Vacuum Photovoltaic Insulated Glass Unit (VPV IGU) (iv).  Before the simulation, an overview of the history of the use of glass in contemporary buildings in Algeria in general and in desert regions, in particular, was presented. After that, the most important results of the comparison study are presented according to the simulation software TRNSYS

Improved Fuzzy Logic MPPT Controller of Stand-alone WECS-based PMSG under Stochastic Wind Environment

This paper discusses the modeling and control of a Standalone WECS-based PMSG, the aim is to achieve an optimal operation of the studied WECS under a typically stochastic wind environment. The Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is guaranteed through the tracking of an optimal generator speed using an Improved Fuzzy Logic Controller (IFLC) based on intelligent algorithms. The effectiveness and the benefits of the proposed approach are demonstrated by numerical simulation using Matlab/SIMULINK. The obtained results indeed confirm a good tracking performance of the proposed controller

Sizing stand-alone photovoltaic-wind hybrid system: Techno-economic analysis and optimization

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